Complaints and Appeals Policy
Authors, readers, or third parties may contact the journal’s editorial office regarding publication ethics, the review process, editorial decisions, plagiarism, duplicate publication, or other academic matters.
All complaints and appeals are evaluated in accordance with the principles of confidentiality, impartiality, and academic ethics. In necessary cases, authors may be asked to provide additional explanations or documentation.
Correction, Statement of Concern, and Retraction Policy
If an error, omission, or ethical violation is identified in a published article, the journal may implement one of the following editorial actions.
Correction
Published for minor errors resulting from typesetting, spelling, technical formatting, or the editorial process.
Author Correction
Published for significant errors reported by the author that do not compromise the scientific integrity of the work.
Statement of Concern
May be published if there are serious doubts regarding the article’s reliability, but the investigation has not yet been concluded.
Retraction
Applied when the scientific reliability of the work is compromised due to plagiarism, fabrication of data, falsification of data, duplicate publication, serious methodological errors, ethical violations, or legal reasons.
A retracted article is not removed from the archive; the phrase “Retracted” is clearly indicated on the article, and a notice explaining the reason for the retraction is published.